Improved apparatus for cabburettijjg and emulating the flow of gas



` JE JLBASSETT. APPARATUS POR GARBURETING AND `REGTLAIING? THE'FLOW OFGAS.

No; 66,067-, 1 PatentedvJune 25,1867.,

iuiteh 'tutrs datent @fitta JOHN A. BASSETT, OF SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent 66,067, dated Jim@ 25, 186i'.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GARBURETTIN G AND REGULATING THE FLOW 0F GAS.

TO ALL WHOMHIT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JoHN A. BASSETT, of Salem, in the county of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas-Carburetters and Regulators; and I do hereby declare` that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the'same, reference being had to the drawing annexed to this specification.

`The object of this invention is to arrange agas-carhuretting chamber with large evuporating surfaces in a comparatively small space, hy means of which the gases are retained longer in contact with the fluid to be vapor-ized, and by which it becomes more thoroughly charged with the Vvapor of theA hydrocarbon and to combine with the calburettor a gas-governor of peculiar construction and arrangement, so that the flow of the gas to the burners may bc regular, aud at the most economical burning pressure, independent of the pressure in the street mains from the station gas-holder. In charging gases wit-l1 the vapors of a hydrocarbon it is desirable to keep the gasras long aspossiblc in contact with the liquid and its vapor, and to cause it to pass slowly over a large surface charged with the vapor: the degree df saturation depending upon the length of time which the.gas is kept in Contact', and allowed to absorb and become charged with the vapor. In this invention a large surface, both evaporating and capillary, s provided, and in combination with channels formed se that the gas passes circuitously over and through thc vapor, rcpeatingthe operation through successive chambers until the gas is fully saturated. This is accomplished in a very compact form of apparatus, not diliicult to construct, and its operation is certain and effective. The regulator is of the class known as diaphragm regulators, using a diap ragm of iie'xiblematcrial instead of a small gas-holder and mercury seal, and is made of thin sheet metal; the diaphragm being made of leather in combination with a sheet of thin malleable metal; the object being to produce a regulator easily and cheaply made, the diaphragm being saturated with a preservative comfpound, which, in combination with the sheet metal, makes it perfectly gas-tight. The use ef diaphragm regulators has been much restricted in consequence of the material of which the diaphragm is composed being readily acted upon by the gas, and by the corrosive action ofthe sulphurous acid in the gas, soon becomes useless, and from the method commonly in use for uniting the two parts of the shell it has been diiiicult t`o make a perfectly gastight joint at the circumference. The shell of this regulator is composed of thin sheet metal, which'is so formed at thecircumference where the diaphragm is-secured that a perfectly gas-tight joint is made, thc whole' arrangement being very durable, inexpensive, and easily put together. In the drawings- Figure 1 represents an elevation of thefcarburettor and regulator.

Figure 2, a plan ot' one of the sections of the carburetter.

Figure 3, an enlarged detached sectional elevation of the regulator.

Figure 4, section of diaphragm.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

The carhurettor A is an upright cylindrical chamber, made of any durable sheet metal.h It is divided by horizontal disks B extending entirely across the chamber, about three inches apart, which in etfect makes a series of shallow pans containing the hydrocarbon liquid. The gas inlet is shown at C. Upon each of these pans is placed an Iupright partition, D, in a spiral form, so that the gas is compelled to pass through the cireuitous passage made by the partition wall, slowly over the entire surface of the disks B. Each of the pans has this spiral partition wall, and the gas passes from one to the other through the openings i) b, and through the '.regulator to the outlet M. The partition wall D is covered with cotton or other fibrous material, as an evapo- 4rating surface, and the space between the partition is filled-with a capillary material.` Iprcfcr to use forV this :purpose the material indicated in my patent of January 1,1867. The essential feature ofthe carburetting device here described is thus shown to be the slow passage of the gases through theA circuitous channels formed bythe partition walls, combining both an evaporating surface throwing olf vapors, and a capillary material saturated with the liquid through which the gas is compelled to pass. This operation being perflormedin the successive chambers, the gas is fully charged with the hydrocarbon in a veryl small space. The shell of the regulator is made in two parts, E and F, and is formed by spinning, asit is termed, into the semispherical shape shown. The lower shell E has a flange, G, into which` the upper shell fits. Between thcmshells at the circum ference the diaphragm H is placed, and a part of the angle flange G of the shell E is closed firmly down upon the flange of the shell E, riveting the diaphragm firmly in place and making a'gas-tight joint. The upper shell F basan opening for the purpose of placing weights on the diaphragm for the purpose of controlling the pressure. This ,opening may be closed by the cover. The diaphragm His made of thin leather, and I prefer-'to use tanned deer-skin for this purpose, as being more flexible, and. possessing a greater degree of toughness than any I am acquainted with. I use two layers of leather, and between the layers I place a sheet of thin'ilexible malleable metal. Either copper, brass, or tin-foil may be used for this purpose. This diaphragm effectually prevents the exosmose and endosmose action of the gases, and entirely obiiates the many objections to this class of regulators. The metal used for this purposeV should be very thin, so as not to interfere with the raising and lowering ofthe diaphragm when acted upon by the pressure of the gas. ,p The two layers of leather, after being saturated" with the composition described, with the metallic sheetbetween, should bepr'essed in a screw-press so as to unite the' parts firmly together. The gas passes from the carburetter through the valve opening K; and pressing against the diaphragm Hraises or lowers the valve L according to the pressure of thegas,'and,'enlarging or diminishing the opening, regulatesl the pressure. The gas passes to the burners through the outlet pipe M. Thedinphragm is thoroughly saturated with a composition made by melting para'ine, and adding to ten parts of melted paraine three parts of carbolic acid and three parts of sperm oil. V i

i Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, what I claim, and desire to patent, is-

1. A regulator, in combination with 'a closed Carburettor, so as to 4regulate the'owv of gas after being carburettcd without risk of leakage, substantially as described.

2. The construction of a gas regulator, substantiallyl as shown and described. 3. Retaining the diaphragm H in place, and the gasjoint made at 'the flanges, substantially as specified. i 4. A diaphragm prepared with the composition described, or its equivalents,. whenus'ed for this purpose, substantially as set forth. A

5. A diaphragm composed of two or more sheets of flexible materml enclosing a sheet of malleable metal,

in the manner and for the purpose as shown and described.

f JOHN A. BAS'SETT.

Witnesses:

GHAS. A. STOVDDARD, W. D. CnssEBRoUG'H. 

